ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

To read the full abstract: Diabetologia. 2020 Feb;63(2):324–337. PMID:31773193Maternal obesity is a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes in the offspring. Exposure to maternal obesity alters pancreatic islet structure and function, including reduced beta-cell mass and impaired glucose stimulated insulin secretion, which both increase susceptibility to type 2 diab...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes Care. 2019;42(9):1816–23. doi: 10.2337/dc19-0430Short summary: In this longstanding cohort study (n =1718), high intraindividual variability over time in BMI and in HDL-C during childhood, independent of their mean levels, conferred an increased risk of later-life diabetes.Comment: Intraindividual variabil...

Brief summary: This review article offers an update on knowledge on prophylactic gonadectomy in differences of sex development (DSDs) and evaluates the latest existing clinical evidence, which is generally limited, on risk of gonadal neoplasia potential in each group of DSDs.On average 15% of DSD patients with Y chromosome material predispose to gonadal neoplasms especially gonadal germ cell tumors (GGCTs); the overall risk ranges between 0.8% and 40% de...

To read the full abstract: Sci Rep 2020;10:6935.In brief: A well-defined and optimized protocol using confocal microscopy allowed novel insight into growth plate chondrocyte differentiation by quantitative analysis of cellular characteristics of murine growth plate samples.Commentary: The growth plate is a complex tissue with a unique morphology char...

To read the full abstract: Thyroid. 2019;29:595–606.Here, ultrastructural analysis of primary cilia in human thyroid follicles revealed a direct relationship between frequency and length of primary cilia and the functional state of the individual follicle in normal compared to hyperfunctioning thyroid tissues.Primary cilia are present in many different tissues...

J Cancer Surviv. 2021; 15: 259–272. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32844376/Long-term treatment effects are possible reasons for reduced fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) (1). This observational study reports perinatal and health outcomes of offspring born to CCS using assisted reproductive technologies (ART). CCS were almost 2-fold more like...

N Engl J Med. 2021;385(6):503-15. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2107519.PubMed ID: 34170647Brief summary: this randomized control trial in 1879 adults with type 2 diabetes compared effects of once-weekly Tirzepatide (5, 10 or 15 mg) versus once-weekly Semaglutide (1 mg) on glycemic control. After 40 weeks, all doses of Tirzepatide were superior to Semaglutide on lowering HbA1c.Gluca...

Brief summary: Villanueva-Carmona et al. identified succinate as a mediating metabolite in leptin secretion. Its action is mediated by the succinate receptor SUCNR in adipocytes via the circadian clock in an AMPK/JNK-C/EBPa-dependent manner.Although the regulatory circuits of leptin action on hunger and satiety are well understood, the pathways that mediate acute leptin production in the adipose tissue are less investigated. To investigate how a...

To read the full abstract: Int J Obes (Lond). 2019;43(6):1256–1268This epigenome-wide association study in stromal/stem cells (ASCs), derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue samples of lean and obese subjects, revealed a specific DNA methylation signature in adipocyte precursors associated with obesity, which has a significant impact on the metabolic phenotype and the mitochondrial...

To read the full abstract: Int J Cardiol 2018;272:333–340.Summary: In a multi-center prospective cohort study of 2401 European children, early life exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages, particularly living in low-educated families, having a non-traditional family structure, parental unemployment and the accumulation of >3 disadvantages were associated with higher ris...